The
Lineage of the Long Family from Wiltshire.
Victoria Devon, came from a very impressive ancestral lineage.
John Long 1570 – 1630 from Semington Wiltshire
married Catherine Bushell 1575 – 1631, and they lived in Netheravon, Wiltshire.
Their son was
Timothy Long 1610 – 1691 who married Jane Brunsell
b 1616, dauther of Rev Oliver Brunsell and Elizabeth Martyn of Wroughton
Their sons were
Timothy Long 1636 – 1665 . He
died unmarried during the great plague and
Samuel Long
1638 – 1683 who married Elizabeth Streete d 1710. Land grants in Jamaica
Their son was
Charles Long MP
1679 – 1723 who married Amy Lawes 1682 – 1702 and Jane Beeston
Their son was
Samuel Long 1700 – 1757 who married Mary Tate 1701
– 1765
Their son was
Edward Long 1734 – 1813 who married Mary Ballard 1736 – 1797
Their son was
Edward Beeston Long 1763 – 1825 who married Mary Tomlinson
1764 – 1818
Their daughter was
Mary Long 1799 – 1853 who married Charles Devon
Esq 1789 - 1869
Their daughter was
Victoria Harriet Louisa Devon 1837 – 1921 who married Arthur George
Durnford.
The Long family were original settlers in Jamaica.
The Invasion of Jamaica was an
amphibious expedition conducted by the English in the Caribbean in 1655 that
resulted in the capture of the island from Spain. Before that, Spanish
Jamaica was a colony of Spain for over a hundred
years. Jamaica's capture was the casus
belli that resulted in actual war between
England and Spain in 1655. For the next period of the island's history,
it was known as the Colony
of Jamaica.
In 1655
Cromwellian England joined France in its war with Spain. On the continent, an English contingent aided Marshal Turenne in defeating the Spanish at the Battle of
the Dunes. But it was
on the seas and in the colonies that the English Commonwealth directed its
major effort against Spain.
On March 31,
1655, Admiral William
Penn sailed
from Barbados in the West Indies with a fleet of
17 warships and 20 transports carrying 325 cannon, 1,145 seamen, and 1,830
soldiers. Reinforced by contingents from other English West Indian colonies to
8,000 strong, Penn was able to land 4,000 men under General Robert Venables near Santo Domingo on April 13.
The English
forces suffered continuous setbacks at the hands of negroes and mulattoes
during their march to Santo Domingo. They suffered from Spanish artillery
bombardment throughout the night of 25 April and into the next
morning. The foray was disastrous for the English as the troops were
routed and driven back to their ships.
After its
failure at Santo
Domingo, the English
expedition under Penn and Venables faced the prospect of returning in defeat
to Oliver
Cromwell. So the
English leaders decided to attempt to capture Jamaica. The island had few
defences—the Spanish settlers by this time numbered just over 1,500 men, women,
and children. Penn, the English naval commander, had lost his faith in the
officers of the accompanying army units after the siege of Santo Domingo, and
assumed overall command of the English force.
Samuel
Long was baptised in England in 1638 and he accompanited the
expedition under Penn and Venables int he capture of Jamaica in 1655. He received large grants of land in the
Island, and was the first settler of the estate of Longville in the parish of
Clarendon. He entered into the political
life of the newly acquired island, and was in part responsible for a change in
its government.
Charles Long was the son of Samuel Long 1638 – 1683
and Elizabeth Streete d 1710
Charles Long, his son was born in Jamaica in 1679. He is styled “of Longville.” He married
first, Amy, daughter of Sir Nicholas Lawes, the Governor of Jamaica, in
1699. He married a second time, Jane the
daughter of Sir William Beeston (Governor of Jamaica)
Son of Samuel Long (1638-1683), owner of Longville in Clarendon,
Jamaica. MP for Dunwich 1715-1722.
"Charles Long was four years old at the time of his father's death.
He seems to have lived at Seven Plantations, afterwards called Longville, until
shortly after his second marriage. He was a member of the Council and Colonel
of the Horse. He purchased Hurts Hall, Saxmundham, co. Suffolk. He was Member
of Parliament for Dunwich in 1716 [sic].
"Born in Jamaica, he was baptised in St Catherine's Church on
September 21, 1679, and married there, first, on July 26, 1699, Amy Lawes, and
secondly, on May 27, 1703, Jane, relict of Sir James Modyford, Bart., and
daughter and heiress of Sir William Beeston, Knight...
"Charles Long had two children, Samuel and Elizabeth, by his first
marriage, and eight children by his second marriage. He died May 8, 1723, and
was buried at St Andrew's, Holborn."[1]
In his will 'of St Andrew Holborn' proved 16/05/1723 he left £500 or
£1000 to his younger children and his real estate to his son Samuel.
Samuel Long was the son of Charles Long b 1679 MP
of Jamaica and Ann Lawes
He also married Jane Beeston, whose father was the Governor of
The children were
Samuel Long m
Mary Tate
Charles Long m Mary North
William Long
Jane Long
Beeston Long m Sussanah
Cropp
Ann Long
Catherine Maria Long m Sir
Henry Moore – First Governor of Jamaica
Susannah Long
Samuel Long (16 August 1746 – 19 October 1807),
of Carshalton, Surrey, was an English Member of Parliament.
and Charles
Long, 1st Baron Farnborough. His
mother was Susannah Cropp
Samuel Long married in 1787 Lady Jane Maitland, 4th
daughter of James Maitland, 7th Earl of Lauderdale. Three years later in 1790,
Long was elected to Parliament as member for Ilchester. He was appointed High
Sheriff of Surrey the same year.
Long and his wife had a daughter and two sons:
Lt. Col. Samuel Long (m. Louisa Emily, 2nd daughter of Edward Smith-Stanley,
13th Earl of Derby, and Archdeacon Charles Maitland Long.
After his death at their London residence in
Berkeley Square in 1807, his widow remarried a year later to Sir William
Houston, 1st Baronet.
Catherine Long’s husband was Sir Henry Moore 1st
Baronet
Sir Henry Moore, 1st Baronet (1713
– 11 September 1769) was a British colonial
leader who served as governor of Jamaica and
as royal Governor of Province of New York from
1765 to 1769 Moore was born in Jamaica to
a prominent plantation family, and was educated toward the law. Moore was
active in Jamaica's colonial affairs, and by 1756 he had risen to the rank of
governor. As in many royal colonies of the time, the governor was frequently
absent, collecting his fees and salary from London, with a local Lieutenant and
council forming the actual government. In 1760, Moore gained considerable
reputation for leadership by suppressing Tacky's
War, a slave rebellion. Under Moore's leadership, the Jamaican
Maroons of Nanny
Town were summoned to help the colonial forces suppress the
revolt. Nanny Town was reportedly renamed Moore
Town in his honour
Moore's
reward for good performance as Jamaica's governor was first to be made a Baronet,[2] and then in 1764 he was named royal
governor for New York. He arrived in New York City with his family in November 1765. Relations between
the colonies and England were strained by this time, but not yet in open
rebellion. New York City had seen riots and protests over the Stamp Act. The new governor calmed these by meeting directly with Isaac Sears, a leader of the Sons of Liberty. Moore agreed with Sears and the colony's assembly to
suppress the Stamp Act, and gained additional goodwill by reducing military
fortifications within the city. His openness and courtesy earned him floral
tributes while other colonial governors were being burned in effigy.
However,
during the next few years, he actively used military force to suppress rural
riots by tenants of the large estate owners. He ordered General Thomas Gage to actively pursue and suppress this form of rebellion.
This did not seem to bring him any increased difficulty in governing, for two
reasons: that the Sons of Liberty also feared the introduction of rural
problems into the city, believing that they should be the only ones to use
riots as a bargaining tactic; and that the assembly at the time was dominated
by the patroons, or large estate owners. In December 1767 Moore even dissolved
the assembly to allow the patroons to make up through new elections some of the
numbers they had lost earlier.
Moore died
suddenly while in office at New York City in 1769. The duties of governor then
fell on Lieutenant Governor Cadwallader
Colden, whose term was
much less peaceful. Moore left with the respect of almost all the colony's
leadership, the only exception being certain religious fundamentalists angered
by his efforts to create a theatre or playhouse.
He was
succeeded in the baronetcy by his thirteen-year-old son John Henry Moore, 2nd
Baronet, who died in 1780 aged 23.
Moore married Catherine Maria Long, member of
another prominent Jamaica family, in 1765. They had several children, and after
Henry's death, Catherine moved to England. Catherine's Peak (altitude
1158 meters) in Jamaica is named after her, as local legend reports
her to be the first woman to climb the peak.
Samuel Long 1700 – 1757
Samuel was a captain in Queen Caroline’s Dragoons, and a keeper of the
king’s palace at Newmarket.
His son Edward Long
Edward Long
Profile & Legacies Summary
1734 – 1813
Fourth son of
Samuel Long (1700-1757), Edward was born in England but his family had owned
property in Jamaica since the early days of colonisation. He became a barrister
of Gray's Inn and accompanied his brother-in-law, Sir Henry Moore, to Jamaica,
as secretary following the death of his father Samuel in 1757. He was rapidly
promoted to the post of a judge in the Vice-Admiralty Court.
Thomas
Beckford was the son of Peter Beckford, who was Governor of Jamaica.....
Mary was
also the widow of John Pallmer Esq. This created a union between the powerful
plantocratic Long, Beckford and Pallmer families. The couple had six children,
four of whom were born in Jamaica. Of their daughters, Elizabeth married in
1801 Henry Thomas Howard Molyneux Howard, MP for Arundel, Gloucester and
Steyning between 1790 and 1824; Jane Catherine married in 1791 Richard Dawkins
(1768-1848), son of Henry Dawkins II (q.v.); and Charlotte Mary married also in
1791 Sir George Pocock bart.
Long's
brother Robert gave him a share in Longville in Clarendon - one of the family's
properties in Jamaica. Later, he also had Lucky Valley Estate conveyed to him.
In 1769 Long
left Jamaica owing to poor health. The same year he requested that Lucky Valley
be surveyed by James Blair and the survey was then copied by William Gardner.
Long is best
known for his three volume History of Jamaica published in
1774. The History contained much information on Jamaica, its
land, people and the system of sugar and slavery which underpinned it. It give
details of politics, economics, farming and culture. Long's views on race are
also central to an understanding of the text.
Edward died
in 1813 and his estate Lucky Valley was passed on to his son Edward Beeston
Long.
He has an entry in the ODNB as
'planter and commentator on Jamaican affairs.'[1]
Edward Long (23 August 1734 – 13 March 1813) was a
Jamaican-born British colonial administrator and historian, and author of a
highly controversial work, The History of Jamaica (1774).
Long was the
fourth son of Samuel Long (1700–1757) of Longville, Jamaica, son of Charles Long MP,
and his wife Mary Tate, born 23 August 1734 at St. Blazey, in Cornwall. His great-grandfather, Samuel
Long, had arrived on the island in 1655 as a lieutenant in the English army of conquest, and the family
established itself as part of the island's governing planter elite. His
sister, Catherine Maria Long, married Sir Henry
Moore, 1st Baronet (Governor
of Jamaica), and Long, in Jamaica from 1757, became his private secretary.
In 1752 Long
became a law student at Gray's Inn, and from 1757 until 1769 he was resident in Jamaica. During
this period he explored inside the Riverhead Cave, the Runaway
Bay Caves and the
Green Grotto. He was judge in the local vice
admiralty court, and
briefly Speaker of the Assembly, elected 13 September 1768.
Long was an
influential and wealthy member of British society, as well as an established
Jamaican planter and slave owner. He moved permanently to England, in 1769, for
health reasons.
Long died in
1813. He was a polygenist who claimed that the White race was a different species to the Black race
Long's History
of Jamaica, first published in 1774 in three volumes but again in the
1970s,[6] was his well-known work. This book
gives a political, social, and economic account with a survey of the island,
parish by parish from 1665 to 1774. It is a comprehensive book, yet it contains
some of the most virulent descriptions of Jamaicans and Africans in general.
The book
contains a racist description of American black slaves during the Age of
Enlightenment. In a
similar fashion to his contemporaries, Long's description of race discussed it
as a "natural state" compared to the Romantic period. Long, in his rather shocking descriptions argues
that American 'Negroes' were characterised by the same "bestial manners,
stupidity and vices which debase their brethren" in Africa. He maintained
that "this race of people" is distinguishable from the rest of
mankind in that they embody "every species of inherent turpitude" and
imperfection that can be found dispersed among all other races of men. Unlike
the most "abandoned villain" to be found in civilisation, argues
Long, these peoples have no redeeming qualities whatsoever. Racist views were
widespread among European writers at the time, some of whom used to write
detailed descriptions of Africans and Africa based only on accounts of
missionaries and plantation owners. Long echoes David Hume and Immanuel Kant in his deeply racist descriptions of Africans and
claims to find it astonishing that despite being subject to colonisation for a
long time, the "Negroes" have failed to demonstrate any appreciation
for the arts or any inventive ability. He observes that throughout the entirety
of Africa, there are few natives who "comprehend anything of mechanic arts
or manufacture", and those who do, perform their work in the manner of
some under-evolved ape. This is due to them being "void of genius". However,
his views, even for his time, were extreme. The book also contains
descriptions of interracial
marriage. In the book
he included a poem by Francis
Williams, which he then
proceeds to criticise in an attempt to justify his theory of white racial
superiority.
In 1758,
Long married Mary, daughter of Thomas Beckford who was the brother of Peter
Beckford the younger,
and widow of John Palmer of ‘Springvale’ in Jamaica. John was the son of the
Chief Justice of the Island.
They had three sons and three daughters:
After the
birth of their fourth child in 1769, the family returned to England. Twin sons
were born 1771 at Chichester:
Edward Long died at Arundel
Park, Sussex, the
seat of his son-in-law Henry
Edward Long (23 August 1734
– 13 March 1813) was a Jamaican-born British colonial administrator and
historian, and author of a highly controversial work, The History of
Jamaica (1774).
Long was the
fourth son of Samuel Long (1700–1757) of Longville, Jamaica, son of Charles Long MP, and his wife Mary Tate, born
23 August 1734 at St. Blazey, in Cornwall.[1][2] His great-grandfather, Samuel
Long, had arrived on the island in 1655 as a lieutenant in the English army of conquest,
and the family established itself as part of the island's governing planter
elite.[3] His sister, Catherine Maria Long,
married Sir Henry Moore, 1st Baronet (Governor of Jamaica), and Long, in Jamaica from 1757,
became his private secretary.
In 1752 Long
became a law student at Gray's
Inn, and from 1757 until
1769 he was resident in Jamaica. During this period he explored inside the
Riverhead Cave, the Runaway Bay Caves and the Green Grotto.[4] He was judge in the local vice admiralty court, and briefly Speaker of the Assembly,
elected 13 September 1768.
Long was an
influential and wealthy member of British society, as well as an established
Jamaican planter and slave owner. He moved permanently to England, in 1769, for
health reasons.
History of
Jamaica
Long's History
of Jamaica, first published in 1774 in three volumes but again in the
1970s, was his well-known work. This book gives a political, social, and
economic account with a survey of the island, parish by parish from 1665 to
1774. It is a comprehensive book, yet it contains some of the most
virulent descriptions of Jamaicans and Africans in general.
The book
contains a racist description of American black slaves during the Age of Enlightenment. In a similar fashion to his
contemporaries, Long's description of race discussed it as a "natural
state" compared to the Romantic
period. Long, in
his rather shocking descriptions argues that American 'Negroes' were
characterised by the same "bestial manners, stupidity and vices which
debase their brethren" in Africa.
He
maintained that "this race of people" is distinguishable from the
rest of mankind in that they embody "every species of inherent
turpitude" and imperfection that can be found dispersed among all other
races of men. Unlike the most "abandoned villain" to be found in
civilisation, argues Long, these peoples have no redeeming qualities
whatsoever.
Racist views
were widespread among European writers at the time, some of whom used to write
detailed descriptions of Africans and Africa based only on accounts of
missionaries and plantation owners. Long echoes David
Hume and Immanuel
Kant in his deeply
racist descriptions of Africans and claims to find it astonishing that despite
being subject to colonisation for a long time, the "Negroes" have
failed to demonstrate any appreciation for the arts or any inventive ability.
He observes that throughout the entirety of
Africa, there are few natives who "comprehend anything of mechanic arts or
manufacture", and those who do, perform their work in the manner of some
under-evolved ape. This is due to them being "void of genius". However,
his views, even for his time, were extreme. The book also contains
descriptions of interracial marriage.
In the book he included a poem by Francis Williams, which he then proceeds to criticise in
an attempt to justify his theory of white racial superiority.
Hon John Palmer and Rose
Hall in Jamaica
*The father
of John Palmer who had been married to Mary Beckford.
Rose Hall, as we know it in it
ruined splendour, was built by the Hon. John Palmer, Custos of St. James,
somewhere between 1770 and 1780, at approximately the same time as Colbecks
Great House and most other plantation residences of Jamaica. It was built
on the site of a previous residence which was also known as Rose Hall, after
its mistress Rosa Kelly, daughter of the Rev. John Kelly and Mary his wife, of
St. Elizabeth.Rosa Kelly was the Hon. John Palmer's second wife, whilst he was her fourth husband, and they had been married 25 years when she died in 1790. Her monument in the parish church at Montego Bay is well-known. Let me say here that there is no breath of suspicion that either Rosa or John Palmer was a murderer or murdered.
Shortly after Rosa's death, the Hon John married a young bride, Rebecca Ann James, of a prominent family in that past of Jamaica. In 1797 the Hon. John died at his Brandon Hill residence. Almost immediately Rebecca went to England, where she married Dr. Nathaniel Weeks of Barbados and eventually died at Sidmouth in Devon in late 1846 or early 1847.....
Like many other rich planters of the period, the Hon. John Palmer lived on credit, which was fine as long as the sugar boom lasted. His wealth was more apparent than real, and the more he spent on building and furnishing Rose Hall, the deeper he floundered into debt.
Eventually, in 1792, his creditors foreclosed, and he was forced to mortgage Rose Hall and Palmyra, moving to his more modest house at Brandon Hill, where, as we know, he died.
Children
of Edward Long and Mary Ballard
Their children were
1. Edward Beeston
Long 1763 – 1825 m
Mary Tomlinson
2. Jane Catherine
Long 1764 - 1826 m Col Richard Dawkins
3. Charlotte Long 1765 – 1846 m
Sir George Pocock Bart
4. Elizabeth Long 1769 – 1834 m
Lord Henry Thomas Molyneux- Howard
5. Lieut-General
Robert Ballard Long 1771 - 1825
6. Charles
Beckford Long 1771 – 1836 m Frances Munro
1.
Edward
Beeston Long attended Cambridge.
Adm. pens.
at TRINITY HALL, May 10, 1780, as ‘Robert.’ [Eldest s. of Edward, of Hampton
Lodge, Farnham [and Mary Ballard, dau. of Thomas Beckford and widow of John
Pallmer]. B. 1763.] School, Harrow. Matric. Michs. 1780, as
Edward; Scholar, 1780. Adm. at
Lincoln's Inn, June 14, 1781. Toured on the Continent, 1786-7. Of Hamilton
Lodge, Berks., purchased in 1799. Married Mary, dau. of John Thomlinson, M.P.
Died Sept. 17, 1825. Father of Edward N. (1805), Henry L. (1813) and Frederick
B. (1822). (Harrow Sch. Reg., Edward Beeston; Inns of Court;
R. M. Long, Longs of Jamaica.)
Awarded part
of the compensation for Longville in St Dorothy as owner-in-fee, and the whole
of the compensation for Norbrook in St Andrew after counter-claiming as
'heir-at-law [and?] surviving trustee' of Charles Long.
Adm. pens. (age 18) at TRINITY, May 17,
1813. S. of Edward [Beeston] (1780) [and Mary, dau. of John Thomlinson, M.P.].
B. in London. School, Harrow. Matric. Michs. 1813. Of Hampton Lodge, Farnham, and
East Barnet. J.P. for Surrey. Married, July 25, 1822, Lady Catharine Walpole,
dau. of the Earl of Orford. Died 1868. Brother of Edward N. (1805) and
Frederick B. (1822), etc. (Harrow Sch. Reg.).
Edward
Beeston Long 1763 – 1825 Profile & Legacies Summary
Eldest son of Edward Long (1734-1813) and his wife Mary Ballard
Beckford. Married Mary, daughter of John Thomlinson, MP for Steyning. Mary was
heir to her grandfather John Thomlinson of East Barnet.
Will of Edward Beeston Long of Hampton
Lodge proved 24/11/1825. The will opens with the bequest of Lucky Valley in
Clarendon (with the enslaved people on it) and his moiety of Longville Park in
St Dorothy (again with the enslaved people on it) to his eldest son Henry Lawes
Long
He left in trust (his trustees were his brothers Charles
Beckford Long and Robert Ballard Long and his son-in-law Charles Devon of
Felbridge [?] Park Surrey) the 'manor house' called Moore Hall in St Mary's
(together with the enslaved people on it) 'devised to me by the will of Mrs Susan
Jane Dixon late of Cavendish Square' to be sold, with half the proceeds going
to his younger son Frederick Beckford Long and half to repay his debts of £4000
to his brother Charles Beckford Long and whatever he owed to Messrs Rutherford
and Jegon of Camomile St., merchants.
He also left to his son Frederick Beckford Long £5199 in
consolidated annuities which were held in trust under the marriage settlement
of Edward Beeston Long's daughter Charlotte (since deceased without issue) to
which he was entitled subject to the life interest of her husband George
Wandisford Pigott.
The residue of his estate, including the £2000 belonging to his
daughter Charlotte as part of £6000 secured on Lucky Valley under Edward
Beeston Long's own marriage settlement which had again reverted to him on her
death, went to Henry Lawes Long.
Edward Beeston Long married Mary
Tomlinson.
Mary was the daughter of John Thomlinson MP and his wife Margaret Blake,
and her grandfather Col John Tomlinson owned plantations in Jamaica.
Her mother’s Blake family also owned plantations in Jamaica.
Mary Tomlinson was the daughter of John Tomlinson and Margaret
Blake 1738 – 1781.
Her sister, Sarah Town Blake, daughter of Major
Martin Blake of Sevenoaks, and bequeathed the contingent remainder of his
Antigua estates under his will with her sister Jane, behind their brother
Martin Thomlinson Blake, whose own will was proved in 1777. She was apparently
the mother of 'Countess' Selina Masterson (q.v.), an awardee of
slave-compensation.
Margaret was the daughter of Major Martin Blake and his wife Elizabeth Burke.
Sir Patrick Blake’s daughter was Barbara Ann Blake, born
1778. She married Andrew Montague
Isaacson Durnford. He was Col Arthur
Durnford’s great uncle.
Their daughters became celebrities in the town of Torquay, known
as the Alphington Ponies.
Sugar and Slavery: An Economic
History of the British West Indies,
1623-1775 By Richard B. Sheridan
Henry Lawes Long - Baptised July 1795 St
Marylebone, son of Edward Beeston Long and Mary Long. Will of Henry Lawes Long
late of Hampton Lodge Surrey who died 07/06/1868 proved 09/07/1868 effects
under £30,000. Henry matriculated from Trinity College, and became JP for
Surrey, he married July 25 1822, Lady Catherine Walplole.
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